冬季饮食养生更需更侧重“滋补养阴”

guoshao

冬季受冷空气影响，人的机体生理功能和食欲等均发生了变化。中医认为，此时机体处于封藏状态，阳气不致妄泄，因此正是养阴滋补的大好时机。“秋冬养阴”，既不宜食用生冷食品，也不宜食用燥热之品，最宜食用滋阴潜阳、热量较高的膳食。这时就要饮食巧调理了。
1、多补充热源食物
膳食中应多补充产热营养素，如碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质，以提高机体对低温的耐受力。尤其应考虑补充富含蛋白质的食物，如瘦肉、鸡鸭肉、鸡蛋、鱼、牛奶、豆类及其制品等。
2、多补充含蛋氨酸的食物
蛋氨酸通过转移作用可提供一系列耐寒适应所必需的甲基。寒冷气候使得人体尿液中肌酸的排出量增多，脂肪代谢加快，而合成肌酸及脂酸、磷脂在线粒体内氧化、释放热量都需要甲基。因此，在冬季应多摄取含蛋氨酸较多的食物，如芝麻、葵花子、酵母、乳制品、叶类蔬菜等。
3、适量补充无机盐
医学研究表明，人怕冷与饮食中无机盐缺少很有关系。专家建议冬季应多摄取含根茎的蔬菜，如胡萝卜、百合、山药、藕及青菜、大白菜等，因为蔬菜的根茎里所含无机盐较多。钙在人体内含量的多少可直接影响人体的心肌、血管及肌肉的伸缩性和兴奋性，补充钙可提高机体御寒能力。含钙较多的食物有虾皮、牡蝠、花生、蛤蜊、牛奶等。
4、多吃含维生素B2、维生素A、维生素C的食物
寒冷气候使人体氧化功能加强，机体维生素代谢也发生了明显变化，饮食中要及时补充维生素B2(核黄素)，以防口角炎、唇炎、舌炎等疾病的发生。维生素B2主要存在于动物肝脏、鸡蛋、牛奶、豆类等食物中。维生素A能增强人体的耐寒力，应多吃些富含维生素A的动物肝脏、胡萝卜、南瓜、白薯等食物。维生素C可提高人体对寒冷的适应能力，对血管具有良好的保护作用，应注意摄取新鲜蔬菜和水果。
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